English [ ]
Etymology 1 [ ]
From Old French abstract , or from Latin abstractus , perfect passive participle of abstrahō , formed from abs- ( “ ‘ away’ ” ) + trahō ( “ ‘ draw’ ” ) .
Pronunciation [ ]
Noun [ ]
Singular
Abstract
Plural {{{1}}}
Abstract ({{{1}}})
An abridgement or summary .
Isaac Watts — An abstract of every treatise he had read.
Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else.
Ford — Man, the abstract Of all perfection, which the workmanship Of Heaven hath modeled.
An abstraction ; an abstract term.
Template:Art An abstract work of art.
That which is abstract.
John Stuart Mill — The concretes "father" and "son" have, or might have, the abstracts "paternity" and "filiety".
( medicine ) A powdered solid extract of a vegetable substance mixed with sugar of milk in such proportion that one part of the abstract represents two parts of the original substance.
Synonyms [ ]
( statement summarizing the important points of a text ) : abridgment , compendium , epitome , synopsis
Derived terms [ ]
Translations [ ]
an abrigement or summary
Bulgarian: абстракт bg (bg) , резюме bg (bg) , извадка bg (bg)
Catalan : resum , m.
Croatian: sažetak hr (hr) m.
Czech: výtah cs (cs) m. , shrnutí cs (cs) n.
Danish: abstrakt da (da)
Dutch: samenvatting , korte inhoud
Estonian: kokkuvõte et (et)
Finnish: tiivistelmä fi (fi)
French: abstract fr (fr) m. , résumé fr (fr) m.
German: Auszug de (de) m. , Zusammenfassung de (de) f.
Hindi: सारांश (saaraansh), निचोड (nichoD)
Italian: estratto it (it) m. , sunto it (it) m. , compendio it (it) m. , riassunto it (it) m.
Japanese: 概要 (がいよう , gaiyō), 要約 (yōyaku)
Marathi : सारांश (saaraaunsh), गोषवारा (goShawaaraa)
Norwegian: sammendrag n. , oppsummering m. , utdrag n. , referat n.
Portuguese: resumo pt (pt) m. , sumário pt (pt) m.
Russian: конспект ru (ru) m. , реферат ru (ru) m.
Spanish: resumen es (es) m.
Swedish: referat n. , sammandrag n. , sammanfattning c. , utdrag n.
something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else
Catalan : xifra , f.
Finnish: aineellistuma fi (fi)
Hindi: निचोड (nichoD)
Norwegian: sammenfatning m.
an abstraction
Bulgarian: абстракция bg (bg) , отвлечено понятие bg (bg)
Catalan : abstracció , f.
Croatian: apstrakcija hr (hr) f.
Dutch: abstractie nl (nl)
Finnish: käsite fi (fi) , abstraktio fi (fi)
Hindi: अमूर्त (amoort)
Italian: astrazione it (it) f.
Japanese: 抽象的 な (ちゅうしょうてきな, chūshōtekina)
Marathi : अमूर्त (amoort)
Norwegian: distraksjon n.
Russian: абстракция ru (ru) f.
an abstract work of art
Bulgarian: абстракция bg (bg)
Dutch: abstract kunstwerk
Finnish: abstrakti teos
Hindi: अमूर्त (amoort)
Japanese: 抽象派 の (ちゅうしょうはの, chūshōhano)
Marathi : अमूर्त (amoort)
Norwegian: abstrakt no (no)
Swedish: abstrakt sv (sv) n.
that which is abstract
Dutch: (een) abstract iets
Finnish: käsite fi (fi)
Hindi: अमूर्त (amoort)
Italian: astratto it (it) m.
Japanese: 抽象的 な (ちゅうしょうてきな, chūshōtekina)
Marathi : अमूर्त (amoort)
Norwegian: abstraksjon no (no) m.
Swedish: abstrakt sv (sv) n.
an extract of a vegetable substance
Croatian: ekstrakt m.
Czech: výtažek cs (cs) m.
Dutch: uittreksel nl (nl)
Finnish: uute fi (fi)
Hindi: निचोड (nichoD)
Japanese: 抽出 (ちゅうしゅつ, chūshutsu)
Marathi : सत्त्व (satw)
Norwegian: ekstrakt
Spanish: extracto es (es) m.
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations .
Translations to be checked
Indonesian : abstrak
Interlingua : abstracto , summario
Korean : 개요 (gaeyo)
Novial : abstraktu , abstraktetu
Adjective [ ]
Abstract (comparative {{{1}}} , superlative {{{2}}} )
( obsolete ) Extracted .
Considered apart from any application to a particular object; removed from; apart from; separate ; abstracted .
17th century : Noris , The Oxford Dictionary - The more abstract we are from the body ... the more fit we shall be to behold divine light.
Absent in mind.
Apart from practice or reality ; not concrete ; ideal ; vague ; theoretical ; impersonal .
Difficult to understand; abstruse .
Template:Art Free from representational qualities.
( logic ) General (as opposed to particular ).
John Stuart Mill - A concrete name is a name which stands for a thing; an abstract name which stands for an attribute of a thing. A practice has grown up in more modern times, which, if not introduced by Locke, has gained currency from his example, of applying the expression "abstract name" to all names which are the result of abstraction and generalization, and consequently to all general names, instead of confining it to the names of attributes.
( computing ) Of a class in object-oriented programming, being a partial basis for subclasses rather than a complete template for objects.
Synonyms [ ]
( not applied or practical ) : conceptual , theoretical
( insufficiently factual ) : formal
( difficult to understand ) : abstruse
Antonyms [ ]
( not applied or practical ) : applied , practical
( considered apart from concrete existence ) : concrete
Derived terms [ ]
abstractly
abstractness
abstract idea
abstract noun
abstract numbers
abstract terms
Translations [ ]
separate
Dutch: afgezonderd nl (nl) , gescheiden nl (nl)
Finnish: erillinen fi (fi)
French: abstrait fr (fr)
Italian: teorico it (it)
Norwegian: abstrakt no (no)
Portuguese: abstrato pt (pt)
Russian: абстрактный ru (ru) (abstráktnyj)
Swedish: abstrakt sv (sv)
absent in mind
Dutch: afwezig , verstrooid
Finnish: poissaoleva fi (fi)
apart from practice or reality; not concrete
Bulgarian: абстрактен bg (bg) , отвлечен bg (bg)
Catalan : abstracte
Dutch: abstract nl (nl) , theoretisch nl (nl)
Estonian: abstraktne et (et)
Finnish: teoreettinen fi (fi) , abstrakti fi (fi)
German: abstrakt de (de)
Italian: astratto it (it) , teorico it (it)
Japanese: 抽象的 な (ちゅうしょうてきな, chūshōtekina)
Norwegian: abstrakt no (no)
Portuguese: abstrato pt (pt)
Russian: абстрактный ru (ru) (abstráktnyj)
Swedish: abstrakt sv (sv) , teoretisk sv (sv)
difficult to understand
Bulgarian: неразбираем bg (bg)
Catalan : abstracte
Dutch: abstract nl (nl) , vaag nl (nl) , algemeen nl (nl)
Finnish: vaikeaselkoinen fi (fi) , abstrakti fi (fi)
French: abstrait fr (fr)
Italian: astruso it (it)
Norwegian: abstrakt no (no)
Swedish: djupsinnig , svårfattlig
free from representational qualities
Japanese: 抽象的 な (ちゅうしょうてきな, chūshōtekina)
Norwegian: abstrakt no (no)
general as opposed to particular
Dutch: algemeen nl (nl)
Finnish: yleinen fi (fi)
Japanese: 抽象的 な (ちゅうしょうてきな, chūshōtekina)
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations .
Translations to be checked
Indonesian : abstrak
Interlingua : abstracte
Korean : 추상적인 (chusangjeokin)
Novial : abstrakti or abstraktet
Spanish : abstracto
Turkish : soyut , abstre
Etymology 2 [ ]
From Latin abstractus , perfect passive participle of abstrahō ; also from the adjective.
Pronunciation [ ]
Verb [ ]
Infinitive
to Abstract
Third person singular
-
Simple past
-
Past participle
-
Present participle
-
to Abstract (third-person singular simple present - , present participle - , simple past and past participle - )
( transitive ) To separate ; to remove ; to take away .
Walter Scott - He was incapable of forming any opinion or resolution abstracted from his own prejudices.
( transitive ) To withdraw .
( transitive ) (euphemistic ) To steal ; to take away; to remove without permission.
W. Black - Von Rosen had quietly abstracted the bearing-reins from the harness.
( transitive ) Template:Art To create artistic abstractions of.
( transitive ) To summarize ; to abridge ; to epitomize .
( transitive ) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself.
( transitive ) To draw off (interest or attention).
He was wholly abstracted by other objects.
William Blackwood , Blackwood's Magazine - The young stranger had been abstracted and silent.
( transitive ) ( obsolete ) To extract by means of distillation .
( intransitive ) To withdraw oneself; to retire .
( intransitive ) ( rare ) To perform the process of abstraction .
( intransitive ) ( computing ) To produce an abstraction , usually by refactoring existing code. Generally used with "out".
He abstracted out the square root function.
Synonyms [ ]
( to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw ) : remove , separate , take away , withdraw
( to abridge, epitomize, or summarize ) : abridge , epitomize , summarize
( to filch, purloin, or steal ) : filch , purloin , steal
Derived terms [ ]
abstractable
abstracted
abstracter
abstractor
Related terms [ ]
Translations [ ]
to separate; to remove; to take away
Bulgarian: отделям bg (bg) , отнемам bg (bg)
Dutch: afzonderen nl (nl)
French: abstraire fr (fr)
Hindi: अलग करना , निकाल देना
Italian: rimuovere it (it) , sottrarre it (it) , estrarre it (it)
Japanese: 取る (toru)
Marathi : वेगळे करणे , काढून टाकणे
Portuguese: abstrair pt (pt)
Swedish: abstrahera , skilja av , skilja ut , ta bort
to withdraw
Bulgarian: изваждам bg (bg)
Dutch: terugtrekken nl (nl)
Finnish: vetää fi (fi)
German: entziehen de (de)
Greek: αφαιρώ el (el)
Hindi: पिछे आना
Marathi : मागे येणे
to steal
Bulgarian: отмъквам bg (bg)
Dutch: ontvreemden nl (nl)
Finnish: poistaa fi (fi)
Italian: sottrarre it (it)
Portuguese: roubar pt (pt)
Swedish: knycka sv (sv) , stjäla sv (sv) , nalla sv (sv) , sno sv (sv)
to create an artistic abstraction of
Dutch: abstraheren nl (nl)
Finnish: abstrahoida fi (fi)
Hindi: अमूर्त कलाकृती करना
Marathi : अमूर्त कलाकृती करणे
to abridge, epitomize, or summarize
Dutch: samenvatten nl (nl)
Finnish: tiivistää fi (fi)
French: abstraire fr (fr)
Hindi: सारांश करना
Italian: riassumere it (it)
Marathi : सारांश करणे
Portuguese: resumir , sumariar
Swedish: göra sammandrag av, sammanfatta ,
to consider abstractly
Dutch: abstraheren
Finnish: tuumia fi (fi)
German: abstrahieren de (de)
Hindi: अमूर्तरूपसे लेना
Marathi : अमूर्तपणे घेणे
to draw off
Bulgarian: отвличам bg (bg) , (внимание) bg (bg)
Dutch: afleiden nl (nl)
to extract by means of distillation
to withdraw oneself
Dutch: zich terugtrekken nl (nl)
to perform the process of abstraction
Dutch: abstraheren
Hindi: अमूर्तिकरन करना
Italian: astrarre it (it)
Marathi : अमूर्तिकरण करणे
Novial : abstrakte
Russian: абстрагировать (abstragírovat’)
Swedish: abstrahera sv (sv)
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations .
Interlingua : abstraher
Korean : 분리 하다, 추출 하다, 추상화 하다
Novial : abstrakte
Spanish : extractar
Turkish : soyutlamak
References [ ]
Dutch [ ]
Wikipedia nl
Wikipedia nl
Pronunciation [ ]
Adjective [ ]
Template:Nl-adj
abstract
Template:Art abstract
Antonyms [ ]
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be:abstract
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